Following the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, the Normans began to expand their influence into Wales. In the late 11th century, Norman forces led by Robert Fitzhamon conquered the region around Cardiff. Around 1091, a motte-and-bailey castle was constructed on the site of the former Roman fort. The motte-and-bailey was a typical Norman defen

Cardiff Castle stands as one of the most iconic historical landmarks in Wales, blending centuries of history with remarkable architecture. Located in the heart of Cardiff, the capital city of Wales, this castle has witnessed the ebb and flow of political power, cultural shifts, and architectural evolution from its Roman origins to the present day.

The Crown Square and Royal Palace The central part of the castle is Crown Square, surrounded by historic buildings including the Royal Palace, where monarchs like James IV and Mary, Queen of Scots resided. The palace contains the Crown Room, home to the Honours of Scotland and the Stone of Destiny — an ancient symbol of Scottish monarchy used in

The Civil Wars and Jacobite Risings In the 17th century, Edinburgh Castle played a prominent role in the conflicts of the British Isles, including the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (encompassing the English Civil War) and the Jacobite risings. The castle was held by various factions during these conflicts, its formidable defenses making it a vital